World Population Since The Beginning – In demography, the term world population is often used to refer to the total number of people alive, and was estimated to have exceeded 7.9 billion as of September 2022
It took over two million years of human prehistory and history for the human population to reach one billion and only 207 years to grow to 7 billion.
World Population Since The Beginning
The human population has experienced continuous growth following the Great Famine of 1315–1317 and the Black Death in 1350, when it was close to 370,000,000.
A: Human Population Growth
The highest global population growth, with increases of over 1.8% per year, occurred between 1955 and 1975, peaking at 2.1% between 1965 and 1970.
The growth rate fell to 1.1% between 2015 and 2020 and is expected to decline further during the 21st period.
The global population is still increasing, but there is considerable uncertainty about its long-term trajectory due to changing fertility and mortality rates.
The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs projects between 9 and 10 billion people by 2050, giving an 80% confidence interval of 10–12 billion by 21.
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Other demographers predict that the human population will begin to decline in the second half of the 21st century.
The total number of births globally is currently (2015–2020) 140 million/year, projected to peak in the period 2040–2045 at 141 million/year and then slowly decline to 126 million/year by 2100.
The total number of deaths is currently 57 million/year and is expected to grow steadily to 121 million/year by 2100.
Six of the Earth’s seven continents are permanently inhabited on a large scale. Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.64 billion inhabitants accounting for 60% of the world’s population. The world’s two most populous countries, China and India, together account for approximately 36% of the world’s population. Africa is the second most populous continent, with around 1.34 billion people, or 17% of the world’s population. Europe’s 747 million people make up 10% of the world’s population in 2020, while the Latin American and Caribbean regions are home to around 653 million (8%). North America, consisting mainly of the United States and Canada, has a population of approximately 368 million (5%) and Oceania, the least populated region, has approximately 42 million inhabitants (0.5%).
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Antarctica has only a very small, fluctuating population of around 1,200 people, based mainly on polar ice stations.
Estimates of world population are inherently an aspect of modernity, only possible since the Age of Discovery. Early estimates of world population
Dating to the 17th century: William Petty in 1682 estimated the world’s population at 320 million (modern estimates are close to twice that number); in the late 18th century, estimates ranged close to a billion (consistent with modern estimates).
More refined estimates, distributed by continent, were published in the first half of the 19th century, of 600 million to 1 billion in the early 19th century and of 800 million to 1 billion in the 1840s.
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It is difficult for estimates to be better than rough estimates, because possibly modern population estimates are filled with uncertainties of the order of 3% to 5%.
Estimates of world population at the time of the rise of agriculture around 10,000 BC has varied between 1 million and 15 million.
Even earlier, Getic evidence suggests that humans may have gone through a population bottleneck of between 1,000 and 10,000 people around 70,000 BC, according to Toba’s catastrophe theory. In contrast, it is estimated that around 50–60 million people lived in the combined Eastern and Western Roman Empire during the 4th century AD.
The Plague of Justinian, which first occurred during the reign of Roman Emperor Justinian, caused Europe’s population to decline by about 50% between the 6th and 8th centuries AD.
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From AD 2 the Han Dynasty in ancient China kept composite family records to accurately assess the poll tax and labor duties of each household.
In that year, the population of Western Han was recorded as 57,671,400 individuals in 12,366,470 households, which decreased to 47,566,772 individuals in 9,348,227 households until the year 146 AD. He dynasty.
From 200 to 400, the world’s population fell from an estimated 257 million to 206 million, with China suffering the greatest loss.
At the founding of the Ming dynasty in 1368, China’s population was reported to be close to 60 million; by the dynasty’s d in 1644, it may have approached 150 million.
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New crops brought to Asia and Europe from the Americas by Portuguese and Spanish colonists in the 16th century are believed to have contributed to the population increase.
Maize and cassava have similarly replaced traditional African crops as the main food crops grown on the continent.
The pre-Columbian population of the Americas is uncertain; historian David Hige called it “the most unanswered question in the world.”
In the late 20th century, scholars favored an estimate of approximately 55 million people, but the number from different sources has varied from 10 million to 100 million.
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Counters between European explorers and populations in the rest of the world often introduced local epidemics of extraordinary virulence.
According to the most extreme scientific claims, as many as 90% of the Native American population in the New World died from Old World diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza.
Over the centuries, the Europeans had developed high degrees of immunity to these diseases, while the indigenous people had no such immunity.
Map showing urban areas with at least one million inhabitants in 2006. Only 3% of the world’s population lived in urban areas in 1800; this proportion had risen to 47% in 2000 and reached 50.5% in 2010.
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The proportion of children born in London who died before the age of five fell from 74.5% in 1730–1749 to 31.8% in 1810–1829.
Population growth in the Western world accelerated after the introduction of vaccination and other improvements in medicine and sanitation.
Improved material conditions led to the population of Great Britain increasing from 10 million to 40 million in the 19th century.
The United States saw its population grow from about 5.3 million in 1800 to 106 million in 1920, surpassing 307 million in 2010.
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The first half of the 20th century in Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union was marked by a series of major wars, famines and other disasters that caused large population losses (approximately 60 million deaths).
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia’s population fell significantly – from 150 million in 1991 to 143 million in 2012
Many developing countries have experienced extremely rapid population growth since the early 20th century, due to economic development and improvements in public health. China’s population rose from about 430 million in 1850 to 580 million in 1953,
And is now over 1.3 billion. The population of the Indian subcontinent, which was about 125 million in 1750, increased to 389 million in 1941;
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Java had about 5 million inhabitants in 1815; its latter-day successor, Indonesia, now has a population of over 140 million.
In just one hundred years, the population of Brazil decreased (x10), from approx. 17 million in 1900, or approx. 1% of the world’s population that year, to approx. 176 million in 2000, or almost 3% of the world’s population in the very early 21st grade. Mexico’s population grew from 13.6 million in 1900 to around 112 million in 2010.
The United Nations estimated that the world’s population reached one billion for the first time in 1804. It took another 123 years to reach two billion in 1927, but it took only 33 years to reach three billion in 1960.
It then took 14 years for the global population to reach four billion in 1974, 13 years to reach five billion in 1987, 12 years to reach six billion in 1999 and, according to the United States Csus Bureau, 13 years to reach seven billion in March 2012 .
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According to current UN forecasts, the world’s population will reach eight billion by 2023, but as growth slows, it will take 14 years to reach around nine billion by 2037 and 20 years to reach 10 billion by 2057.
Alternative scarios for 2050 range from a low of 7.4 billion to a high of more than 10.6 billion.
Projected numbers vary depending on underlying statistical assumptions and the variables used in projection calculations, particularly the fertility and mortality variables. Long-term predictions to 2150 range from a population decline of 3.2 billion in “low scario” to “high scario” of 24.8 billion.
An extreme scario predicted a massive increase to 256 billion by 2150, assuming global fertility remained at the 1995 level of 3.04 children per woman; By 2010, however, the global fertility rate had fallen to 2.52.
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There is no estimate for the exact day or month the Earth’s population exceeded one or two billion. The points where it reached three and four billion were not officially noted, but the international database of the United States Csus Bureau placed them in
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