Marian Croak – In an era dominated by landlines, one engineer saw the future of digital communications—and helped create it
Dr. Marian R. In 2017, Kroc spoke about the Next Three Billion Initiatives to Bring the World Online.
Marian Croak
One of the most unloved technologies of the 21st century is Voice over Internet Protocol, or VoIP. What he says is true: it allows us to communicate verbally over the Internet, especially broadband connections. And anyone who remembers using dial-up Internet will know how ridiculous it was in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
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But today, VoIP is the invisible scaffold that holds digital life together. We use these apps to make calls on our smartphones, computers, tablets, watches—VoIP is so ubiquitous that landline phones are feeling the pinch of extinction. VoIP also makes texting and video calling services like Zoom possible (for better or worse). Like most technologies, VoIP has had many parents, although it is unlikely that we would have had it without Marian Kroc.
Currently, the vice president of Google’s engineering department. Kroc was born in 1955 and raised in New York City. He attended Princeton and the University of Southern California, where he earned a PhD in social psychology and quantitative analysis. His career began in 1982 at Bell Labs, now AT&T, where he envisioned an Internet connection that not only connected computers but also used it to make reliable, high-quality calls.
“About 20 years ago, when I was still fairly new at the company and AT&T was looking at what would replace the legacy wireline telephone network, I thought we would be making a mistake by not moving to Internet Protocol,” Dr. Croce said In 2014. “I realized that if AT&T was to maintain its leadership position, I would have to advocate loudly for that technology. The key was to find colleagues who shared my convictions. Our voices together have prevailed over others so far. See . .”
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Good words too. Dr. Kroc, a 2022 National Inventors Hall of Fame inductee, holds more than 100 related patents. (In all, he holds more than 200 patents.) He eventually served as senior vice president of research and development at AT&T, before moving to Google, where he is now involved in the ethical and responsible development of artificial intelligence.
“There’s a lot of conflict in the field right now, and it can be polarizing,” he said in 2021. And what I want is for people to talk in a more diplomatic way, perhaps, from now on, so that we can move this forward.”
15 minute reading from the archives is nothing new, online learning is so old 15 minute reading Marian Rogers Kroc is Vice President of Engineering at Google. He previously served as vice president of Cyr Research and Development at AT&T.
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In 2022, Kroc was inducted into the National Innovators Hall of Fame for his pioneering work on VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) technology.
Their invitation allows users to make calls over the Internet instead of phone lines. Today, widespread use of VoIP technology is essential for remote work and conferencing.
He received his bachelor’s degree from Princeton University in 1977 and his Ph.D. from the University of Southern California in 1982 specializing in quantitative analysis and psychology.
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After college, he joined AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1982, where he served in various capacities for over 3 decades.
He started in Bell’s Human Factors department, with the specific goal of studying how technology can be used to positively impact people’s lives.
Crock first began working on digital messaging applications, tasked with studying how different messaging applications could communicate with each other.
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This type of research is very novel, as the first form of the Internet would not be realized until the following year, 1983.
Bell Labs wants to digitally SD voice, text and video data instead of using standard phone lines And the preferred mechanism was the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) protocol, but Crock, along with the rest of the team, convinced AT&T to use TCP/IP.
They work on Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology, converting voice data into digital signals that can be easily transmitted over the Internet instead of using traditional phone lines. His work has improved audio and video conferencing capabilities.
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During his time at AT&T, he pioneered technology that allowed cell phone users to donate money to organizations using text messages.
They developed this technology during Hurricane Katrina and it changed the way people donate to charities during natural disasters.
He was inspired to do this by watching AT&T develop technology that helped American Idol set up a voting system that relied on text messages instead of voice calls, in 2003.
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The technology, developed with co-inventor Hossein Eslambolchi, was not completed until October 2005, months after Hurricane Katrina.
But after the 2010 Haiti earthquake, more than $43 million in donations were raised by aid agencies through this technology, text message donations.
At AT&T, he managed more than 2,000 engineers and computer scientists, who were responsible for more than 500 programs impacting AT&T’s enterprise and consumer cable and mobility services.
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At Google, he is responsible for expanding what the Internet can do around the world and increasing access to the Internet in developing countries
Kroc also works on racial justice efforts at Google and continues her mission to support women and girls in engineering.
Kroc was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame, the National Academy of Engineers and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2022.
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He was inducted into the National Innovators Hall of Fame in 2022 for his patent VoIP technology US Pat No. 7,599,359 for methods and tools for monitoring D-to-D performance in networks.
Today, widespread use of VoIP technology is essential for remote work and conferencing, as well as personal communication.
Over the years, VoIP technology continues to evolve. The international VoIP call market is predicted to hold a significant share of all conversations by 2025.
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The VoIP market size is expected to be around $30 billion in 2020 and $95 billion by 2027.
He received a patent in 2005 for text-based donations to charities, with co-inventor Hossein Eslambolchi, US Pat 7,715,368 for the method and later the apparatus for debiting donations.
This technology allows the network to identify specific charities, make payments to those charities, and have network service providers bill key donors on their monthly bills.
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He is currently a member of the Corporate Advisory Board of the Viterbi School of Engineering at his alma mater, the University of Southern California.
Former board member of organizations such as the Croc Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions; effector; Holocaust and Human Rights Museum (New Jersey); and National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering. A pioneer of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and inventor of text-to-donate technology, Marian Kroc holds more than 200 patents. Currently Vice President of Engineering at Google, he focuses on reliability engineering to improve the performance of Google’s systems and services.
Each month, our Journeys of Innovation series tells the stories of innovators or entrepreneurs whose groundbreaking inventions have made a positive difference in the world. Listen in your own words or read the transcript below.
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Marian Kroc: I think the more role models people have, the more motivation they need to know that they can do anything.
Lauren Emanuel: Throughout her career, Marian Krak has worked to help others realize their potential—through discovery and as a mentor. He brings to every venture a positive mind and determination to find new solutions to challenging problems. As vice president of engineering at Google and inventor of more than 200 patents, Croak is a role model for others, encouraging them to believe in their own abilities.
I’m Lauren Emanuel from the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Recently, I’ve talked about the importance of mentorship, the value freedom of thought adds to innovation, and the impact of Voice over Internet Protocol and text-to-donate technology. Here is a bit of our conversation.
Phát Minh Giúp Cả Thế Giới Hiểu Rằng Người Da Màu Vĩ đại đến Thế Nào: Chúng Sẽ Chẳng Thể Xuất Hiện Nếu Không Có Họ
[I]t seems to me that the Internet is going to be a perfect replacement for what we’re already doing, because you can combine voice and data traffic in one network.
Lauren Emanuel: Innovation usually identifies a problem that needs to be solved. As a pioneer of Voice over Internet Protocol, what led you to the problem you wanted to solve and how did you solve it?
Marian Kroc: I worked for many years at Bell Labs on traditional voice networks. And slowly the internet started to become a popular network and used by many people for communication like email and text messages. As it began to develop, it became clear to me and many others that you could send voice traffic
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